| ▴ Proto-Turkic | ▴ Altaic etymology | ▴ Meaning | ▴ Russian meaning | ▴ Old Turkic | ▴ Karakhanid | ▴ Turkish | ▴ Tatar | ▴ Middle Turkic | ▴ Uzbek | ▴ Uighur | ▴ Sary-Yughur | ▴ Azerbaidzhan | ▴ Turkmen | ▴ Khakassian | ▴ Shor | ▴ Oyrat | ▴ Halaj | ▴ Chuvash | ▴ Yakut | ▴ Dolgan | ▴ Tuva | ▴ Tofalar | ▴ Kirghiz | ▴ Kazakh | ▴ Noghai | ▴ Bashkir | ▴ Balkar | ▴ Gagauz | ▴ Karaim | ▴ Karakalpak | ▴ Salar | ▴ Kumyk | ▴ Comments |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*bu:(n)r/ | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"ice | face="Times New Roman Star"ëåä |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buz (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"boz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz, muz (Abush., MA, Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"pyz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:z | face="Times New Roman Star"pus | face="Times New Roman Star"mus |
| face="Times New Roman Star"buza"k | face="Times New Roman Star"púw|r | face="Times New Roman Star"mu:s, bu:s | face="Times New Roman Star"bu:s |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"bod| | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"muz | face="Times New Roman Star"buz | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 91, EDT 389, ÝÑÒß 2, 238-239, Ëåêñèêà 17-18, TMN 2, 336, Stachowski 67. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*ne:- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"what | face="Times New Roman Star"÷òî | face="Times New Roman Star"ne (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ne (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ne, neme | face="Times New Roman Star"ni, ne|rse| | face="Times New Roman Star"ne (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"na" | face="Times New Roman Star"ni | face="Times New Roman Star"na" | face="Times New Roman Star"na":, na":ma" | face="Times New Roman Star"nime, ni; no: `which' (*ne-gu) | face="Times New Roman Star"nebe `thing', no: `what' (*ne-gu) | face="Times New Roman Star"ne, neme | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"m@w|n (metathesis < *ne-me) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuox (*suox < *c?e-gu+ok?) | face="Times New Roman Star"tuok | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u": (*c?e-gu"), c?u"ve (*c?egu"-me) | face="Times New Roman Star"c?u":, c?u"me | face="Times New Roman Star"ne, neme | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ni, na"ma" | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ne, neme | face="Times New Roman Star"ne | face="Times New Roman Star"ne, neme | face="Times New Roman Star"The earliest PT form must have contained a unique initial nasal (generally nasals were not allowed word-initially), having yielded specific reflexes in modern languages. See VEWT 352, EDT 774-5, Stachowski 230-231, ÝÑÒß 7, Ôåäîòîâ 1, 356. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"an ending of the 2d person | face="Times New Roman Star"îêîí÷àíèå 2-ãî ë. | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| (Orkh., OUygh.), -g| (Orkh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"-n | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| |
| face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n | face="Times New Roman Star"-n, -j | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"-n| | face="Times New Roman Star"Ìîðôîëîãèÿ 23-26, 28, 32. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*bus- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to hide, lay an ambush | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðÿòàòüñÿ, óñòðàèâàòü çàñàäó | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (OUygh.- Suv.) | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"pus- | face="Times New Roman Star"pos- | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (Pav. C., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; pus- (dial.) |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"pus- 'to eavesdrop' | face="Times New Roman Star"bus- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"bus-xo 'Hinterhalt, Lauer' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"but|- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 371, ÝÑÒß 2, 278-279, TMN 2, 291-292. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*sa.p- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to thread a needle 2 needle | face="Times New Roman Star"âäåâàòü íèòêó, ïðîòûêàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- (OUygh.) 'to graft' | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- (MK) 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sap- | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- (R) 1, sap (Pav. C.) 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- (dial.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sap 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sap- 1, sap 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sap 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syp- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sap- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"hap- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"sap- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 784, VEWT 401-402. Turk. > Bur. hab 'sinew thread' (unattested Mong. sab > Yak. sap 'thread'). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*se.- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"thou | face="Times New Roman Star"òû | face="Times New Roman Star"sen (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sen (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sin | face="Times New Roman Star"sen (Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sa"n | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sa"n | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sin | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sen |
| face="Times New Roman Star"ez@ | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"en | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"hin | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"sa"n | face="Times New Roman Star"syn | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"se:(n) | face="Times New Roman Star"sen | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 409, EDT 831-832, Stachowski 45, ÝÑÒß 7. See ibid the reflexes of PT *sir/ 'you' (pl.). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*sy(j)n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 body, stature 2 monument, tomb 3 the exterior 4 idol 5 foreign person | face="Times New Roman Star"1 òåëî, ñòàí 2 ïàìÿòíèê, ìîãèëà 3 âíåøíîñòü 4 èäîë 5 ÷óæåçåìåö | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1,2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1,2 (MK), 5 (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"sin 2, 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"sin 2 (R.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sin 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn, syjaq 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"hyn 2, 4 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1, 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 832, VEWT 418, 422, ÝÑÒß 7 (with a great deal of confusion - but probably a single root), Ëåêñèêà 266. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*sy:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 observation, test 2 to test | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íàáëþäåíèå, îïûò 2 èñïûòûâàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2, syns?y 'explorer' | face="Times New Roman Star"sin 1 (R.), syna- 2 (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"sin 1, sina- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sini- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy:n 1, sy:na- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"si:na"- 2 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1, syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1, syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"hyn 1, hyna- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"sync?y 'explorer' | face="Times New Roman Star"syn 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syna- 2, sync?y 'prophet' | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 835, VEWT 417, ÝÑÒß 7 (the root should be distinguished from *syjn 'body, idol' q. v. sub *si_u\nu, although they tend to contaminate). Turk. > Mong. sina-, see Ùåðáàê 1997, 145. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*sy:- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to break, damage, harm 2 to be broken | face="Times New Roman Star"1 ëîìàòü, íàðóøàòü, ïîðòèòü 2 ëîìàòüñÿ | face="Times New Roman Star"sy- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy- (MK, KB) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy-n-dyr- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) sy- (AH) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"sin- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sin- 2 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sy:-n- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"si- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"? i:r- 'to tear' |
| face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"hyn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 'to be defeated' | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"sun- 2; syndyr- 1 (ÑÑß) | face="Times New Roman Star"syn- 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 413-414, EDT 782. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"possess. suffix (3d person) | face="Times New Roman Star"ïðèòÿæàòåëüíûé ñóôôèêñ 3-ãî ëèöà | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy |
| face="Times New Roman Star"-s?@ | face="Times New Roman Star"-ta |
| face="Times New Roman Star"-zy | face="Times New Roman Star"-zy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-hy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy | face="Times New Roman Star"-sy |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"*TE:k | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bottom, lower part | face="Times New Roman Star"äíî, íèæíÿÿ ÷àñòü |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"teg (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tag | face="Times New Roman Star"ta"g |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tej |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"ta": |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tek | face="Times New Roman Star"tek 'origin' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tek 'species, origin' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 475. Voicing *-k > *-g| (-j) in Oghuz points to an original long vowel. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dyl / *dil | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"tongue; language | face="Times New Roman Star"ÿçûê | face="Times New Roman Star"tyl (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyl (MK, KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"dil | face="Times New Roman Star"tel | face="Times New Roman Star"til (Abush., Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"dyl | face="Times New Roman Star"dil | face="Times New Roman Star"dil | face="Times New Roman Star"t@l | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@lg|e; c?@l@x 'ïèùèê â ãàðìîøêå' | face="Times New Roman Star"tyl | face="Times New Roman Star"tyl | face="Times New Roman Star"dyl | face="Times New Roman Star"dyl, tyl | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"tel | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"dil/ | face="Times New Roman Star"tyl, til | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"cil | face="Times New Roman Star"til | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 489-90, ÝÑÒß 3, 228-229, Åãîðîâ 323, Ëåêñèêà 227, Stachowski 237. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dil- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to split, cut in slices | face="Times New Roman Star"ðàñùåïëÿòü, îòðåçàòü ëîìòèêè | face="Times New Roman Star"til- (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"til- (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dil-, dil 'thin slice' | face="Times New Roman Star"tel- | face="Times New Roman Star"til- (Sangl., Pav. C.) | face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"til- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dilim 'slice' | face="Times New Roman Star"dil- | face="Times New Roman Star"t@l- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"tilim 'slice' | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@l- |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"dil- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"tel- | face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"dil- | face="Times New Roman Star"dilim (K) 'slice' | face="Times New Roman Star"til- |
| face="Times New Roman Star"til- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 480, EDT 490-491, TMN 2, 553, ÝÑÒß 3, 230-231, Åãîðîâ 322, Ìóäðàê 76. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*dy:n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 spirit, breath 2 rest 3 to rest 4 to pant 5 to breathe 6 quiet 7 sultriness | face="Times New Roman Star"1 äûõàíèå, äóõ 2 îòäûõ 3 îòäûõàòü 4 çàäûõàòüñÿ 5 äûøàòü 6 ñïîêîéíûé 7 äóõîòà | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 (MK, KB), tyn 2 (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, din-le- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 3 (Pav. C., Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tin- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tync?-yx- 4, dinc? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"dy:nc? 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5, tyn-a-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, 2, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tinc? 6 | face="Times New Roman Star"c?@m 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"ty:n 1, ty:n- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3, 5 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys 1, tyn-s?-yq- 4, tyn-s?-a-j- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn-s-yw 7 | face="Times New Roman Star"tin 1, tyn-c?-y- 'to rot, addle', tyn-c?-aj- 3, tyn-ym 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"din-ne-n- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn- 5, tync 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tyn 1, tyn- 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tyn-ys? 1, tyn-c?-aj- 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 478, EDT 512, ÝÑÒß 3, 341-345, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 38-39, Stachowski 238, 239. Some Oghuz reflexes have voiceless t-, probably because of Kypchak influence; still the reconstruction of *d- seems preferable. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"bottom; root | face="Times New Roman Star"äíî; îñíîâàíèå; êîðåíü | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p (tu"b) (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"b (Pav. C.), tu"p (Abush.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p, top | face="Times New Roman Star"dib | face="Times New Roman Star"du":p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"t@p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gex (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"gek (?) | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"du"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu">p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"dip | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"p |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tub | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 434-435, VEWT 505, ÝÑÒß 3, 317-319, TMN 2, 652-654 ( > Mong. tu"b, to"b), Ëåêñèêà 108-109, Stachowski 234. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*du"g- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 to tie in a knot, make a loop 2 button 3 knot | face="Times New Roman Star"1 çàâÿçûâàòü óçëîì, äåëàòü ïåòëþ 2 ïóãîâèöà 3 óçåë | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"g- 1 (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"g- (MK) 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"j- | face="Times New Roman Star"to"j-ma" 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"g- 1 (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tug- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"g- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"du"j- | face="Times New Roman Star"du"v- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n|me 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"ti:in 3 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"-m- 1, timex 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mu"k 'knot', time:k, timek 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"g|- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"jo"n 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du":-m-u"k 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ju"m 3 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tu"j- 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 477, ÝÑÒß 3, 307-308, VEWT 503, Stachowski 223. On Mong. loans see SKE 264, TMN 3, 203. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tu"n | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"1 night 2 yesterday | face="Times New Roman Star"1 íî÷ü 2 â÷åðà | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (MK, KB), du"n, tu"n 'night, dark' (IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 (Abush.), 'dark' (Sangl.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tune, tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"na"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, du":n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1, 'dark' | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu":n | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tun 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"to"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"du"n 2 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"tu"n 1 |
| face="Times New Roman Star"tun, tu"n 1 | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 505, EDT 513, ÝÑÒß 3, 315-316, Ëåêñèêà 81, Stachowski 236. Cf. also Yak. tu"n| 'dark, darkness' (< *tu"n-Vk). The variant *du":n, reflected in some languages, is obviously due to a secondary influence of *du":l/ 'dream' (v. sub *t`u:l/ke), as well as the archaic compound *tu"-gu"n 'yesterday' (*'that day'), preserved in: Tur. dial. du"hu"n, SUygh. tugyn, Tuva, Tof. du":n. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"to grasp | face="Times New Roman Star"äåðæàòü, õâàòàòü | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (MK, KB, IM) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- (Sangl., Abush., MA) | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tyt- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- | face="Times New Roman Star"tu't- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tot- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"tut- | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 502, EDT 451, Åãîðîâ 268-269, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 268-269, Stachowski 233. |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"end, edge | face="Times New Roman Star"êîíåö, êðàé | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (Orkh., OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (MK) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>c? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? (AH) | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uz?| | face="Times New Roman Star"u:c? | face="Times New Roman Star"us | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|s/ | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"uhuk | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? | face="Times New Roman Star"u>s |
| face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"uc? | face="Times New Roman Star"us? |
|
| face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17-18, ÝÑÒß 1, 611-612, Stachowski 241. The derived *u:c?-yk 'end (of thread etc.)' (ÝÑÒß 1, 615-616) > Mong. uc?ig 'end of thread') (despite TMN 2, 135). |
| face="Times New Roman Star"*eb | face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology | face="Times New Roman Star"house | face="Times New Roman Star"äîì | face="Times New Roman Star"eb (Orkh.), ev (OUygh.) | face="Times New Roman Star"ev (MK), o"v (KB) | face="Times New Roman Star"ev | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j (Pav. C., Áîð. Áàä.) | face="Times New Roman Star"uj | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ju" | face="Times New Roman Star"ev | face="Times New Roman Star"o"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ib | face="Times New Roman Star"em, (Kond.) u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"ha"`v | face="Times New Roman Star"av-la-n- 'to marry' |
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| face="Times New Roman Star"o"g | face="Times New Roman Star"o"g| | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"jev | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"u"j |
| face="Times New Roman Star"u"j | face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 34, EDT 3-4, ÝÑÒß 1, 287-288, 513-514, Åãîðîâ 21, Ëåêñèêà 500. The word for 'woman' in some languages goes back to PT *eb-c?i ("housewife"), see EDT 6; borrowed in Mong. as ebsi 'female of a big bear', see Clark 1980, 43). |
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